{"id":71598,"date":"2021-10-03T03:52:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-02T20:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ekuatorial.com\/?p=71598"},"modified":"2021-11-02T03:54:00","modified_gmt":"2021-11-01T20:54:00","slug":"the-determined-fight-against-timber-estates-in-mentawai-islands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ekuatorial.com\/en\/2021\/10\/the-determined-fight-against-timber-estates-in-mentawai-islands\/","title":{"rendered":"The determined fight against timber estates in Mentawai Islands"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Sixty-year-old Melki Sanenek was busy dehusking coconuts to make\u00a0<em>kopra<\/em>\u00a0on the side of his house in Saibi Samukop village, in the Central Siberut sub-district of the Mentawai islands off the coast of the Indonesian province of West Sumatra.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-group alignright\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThis story also appeared in <a href=\"http:\/\/MentawaiKita.com\" target=\"_blank\">MentawaiKita<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<p><em>Kopra<\/em>&nbsp;provides&nbsp;one of the main sources of livelihoods for the people in Siberut. The coconut he was dehusking came from his own coconut trees, he said,&nbsp;in addition to&nbsp;coconuts he had purchased from fellow villagers.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe price of kopra is quite good, at Rp 9,000 per kilogram. This is a source of revenue for people here,\u201d he told&nbsp;Mentawaikita&nbsp;in June this year.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But Melki\u2019s&nbsp;coconut and clove plantations&nbsp;are&nbsp;threatened by the presence of&nbsp;PT.Biomass Andalan Energi (PT.&nbsp;BAE), a private&nbsp;Indonesian-owned&nbsp;timber company&nbsp;which&nbsp;plans to&nbsp;start&nbsp;clearing&nbsp;land in the area.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This company had obtained&nbsp;a&nbsp;permit&nbsp;on 2 May&nbsp;2017&nbsp;to clear land for a timber estate&nbsp;from the National Investment Coordinating Board&nbsp;(BKPM), a government agency that implements policies&nbsp;and service coordination in investment, in accordance with national regulations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to information&nbsp;Melki&nbsp;received from&nbsp;other tribe members,&nbsp;only coastal land up to five kilometers inland would be left for the local communities to manage.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The affected tribes, Melki\u2019s included,&nbsp;sent a&nbsp;formal&nbsp;letter&nbsp;of complaint&nbsp;to the Minister of Environment and Forestry, Siti Nurbaya,&nbsp;the legislative&nbsp;and the head of the BKPM,&nbsp;demanding that the concession rights awarded to the timber estate company be revoked.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The letter was personally handed to the Secretary General of the ministry, Bambang Hendroyono, by representatives of the Mentawai&nbsp;indigenous&nbsp;communities in Jakarta on&nbsp;October 25, 2017,&nbsp;soon&nbsp;after the first permit was issued by BKPM.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A total of 52 tribes from the two sub-districts&nbsp;(Central and North Siberut)&nbsp;signed&nbsp;it.&nbsp;Only one&nbsp;individual from the Sageileppak tribe&nbsp;did not protest the concession.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mentawaian students studying in the provincial capital of Padang across the strait of Mentawai also&nbsp;actively&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mongabay.co.id\/2017\/09\/17\/sudah-batal-bkpm-keluarkan-lagi-izin-hti-mahasiswa-mentawai-protes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rallied<\/a>&nbsp;to protest&nbsp;and&nbsp;demand the revocation of the permit.&nbsp;But their demands fell on deaf ears too.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Orang Mentawai Menolak Izin Hutan Tanaman Industri\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Kn_hx6fvPAo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Video by MentawaiKita.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On&nbsp;26 December 2018, the&nbsp;Ministry of Environment and Forestry&nbsp;issued the final and binding&nbsp;timber estate&nbsp;permit to&nbsp;PT. BAE.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The&nbsp;company was granted a concession of 19,876.59 hectares,&nbsp;which will be&nbsp;planted&nbsp;with calliandra trees (<em>Calliandra calothyrsus<\/em>).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on the environmental impact analysis document obtained by Mentawaikita, calliandra&nbsp;is a hardy species that&nbsp;can grow on various types of soil&nbsp;and is typically used to produce wood pellets.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Calliandra production is high in areas with an altitude of more than 800 meters above sea level (asl) and in areas with annual rainfall ranging from 1000-4000 milliliters.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, in several cases they found that&nbsp;the tree&nbsp;is also able to grow well in the lowlands with an altitude of 150 meters above sea level, like Mentawai.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The area granted to PT. BAE for its timber estate straddles&nbsp;several villages across&nbsp;Central Siberut and North Siberut subdistricts.&nbsp;Data from the district office of the Central Statistics Agency for 2021 showed that the operation of the timber estate company would affect 7,196 residents of Central Siberut and 9,597 others in North Siberut.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A few hundred hectares of land belonging to Melki\u2019s tribe, located in&nbsp; Kaleak, Boblo, Sibokbongi and Toroiji, were also included in&nbsp; the company\u2019s concession. Melki said that&nbsp;his tribe&nbsp;had never been consulted&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;inclusion of these&nbsp;indigenous&nbsp;lands, and nor did they grant their approval.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>&#8220;Our ownership of those lands is clear and that has been transmitted from generation to generation. If anyone is claiming that our tribe, the Sanenek, has relinquished those lands, that would be unfounded.\u201d<\/p><cite>Melki Sanenek, Sanenek Tribe<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>The company\u2019s concession rights are valid for 60 years, extendable by another 35 years. Melki is worried that decades from now, his children and their children would&nbsp;no longer have the right to&nbsp;manage their own land to produce food and income for the family.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He aired his disappointment that&nbsp;the&nbsp;member of the district legislative council had failed to respond to&nbsp;the&nbsp;community\u2019s&nbsp;letter&nbsp;protesting&nbsp;the concession rights awarded to the timber estate company.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mentawaikita contacted Nikanor Saguruk, a former deputy of the Mentawai legislative&nbsp;council,&nbsp;who&nbsp;said&nbsp;his office never received&nbsp;any complaint&nbsp;from the community.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Where are the women\u2019s voices?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>While the men in Mentawai were heatedly debating the presence of the timber estate companies,&nbsp;the women in Mentawai appeared&nbsp;more composed, at least outwardly.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keisa Saponduruk, 45, and a housewife in Malancan village in North Siberut sub-district, pointed out that their land was very important in providing the needs of families. \u201cIf there is no land, how can we plant taro, banana, yam and rice for our daily needs?\u201d she said.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite their concerns, for the most part,&nbsp;decisions concerning land&nbsp;in Mentawai&nbsp;are typically taken by men without&nbsp;involving&nbsp;women.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe are seldom involved in the matter of the relinquishing of land. We are sometimes indeed invited&nbsp;[to the discussions]&nbsp;but we cannot have any opinion, we can only serve food and drinks when tribal deliberations are held,\u201d said Marlianna Sageileppak, 53.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marlianna said that sometimes, she even felt she was not deemed part of the tribe, because transfer of land ownership in her tribe always took place without her knowledge.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ekuatorial-custom-image-block vue-component image-block-container\"><div class=\"image-block-container\"><div class=\"image-section\"><div class=\"callout-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ekuatorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/2-1-scaled.jpg?ssl=1\" alt=\"Gerson M. Saleleubaja\/MentawaKita.com\" class=\"credited-image\" \/><div class=\"image-info-wrapper\"><span class=\"dashicons dashicons-camera-alt image-icon\"><\/span><span class=\"image-meta\">Gerson M. Saleleubaja\/MentawaKita.com<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"text-section\"><span class=\"callout-title image-description\">A Mentawai woman is growing sweet potatoes which are staple food in Kaleak, Siberut Island. Her land part of the area that will be used as a timber estate run by PT Biomass Andalan Energi. <\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Economic pressures<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Murtias Sageleipak,&nbsp;a villager from Saibi village, was appointed by PT.&nbsp;BAE to liaise between the company and the local communities.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The 60-year old was a former member of the village consultative body&nbsp;which&nbsp;had connections with&nbsp;the Mentawai administration, which in turn&nbsp;introduced him to PT.&nbsp;BAE. The logging company&nbsp;then included him in their campaign about their activities in both in the provincial&nbsp;capital city, Padang,&nbsp;and in Mentawai Islands.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf there had not been the outbreak of COVID-19, they (the company) would have already immediately started their operation,\u201d Murtias said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Murtias&nbsp;Sageileppak&nbsp;said his tribe owns 150 hectares of land which is included in the&nbsp;timber estate&nbsp;in&nbsp;Kaleak.&nbsp;He added that if&nbsp;there are villages and community plantations on the land, the company will&nbsp;take&nbsp;them&nbsp;out from the&nbsp;concession area.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However,&nbsp;in his view it is unavoidable that&nbsp;some land belonging to the local people would be appropriated:&nbsp;the company needed access roads, he said,&nbsp;but&nbsp;would compensate the villagers for the crops that grew on them.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Murtias&nbsp;claimed&nbsp;that the compensation for the crops had been discussed with the heads of the affected hamlets, villages and sub-districts as well as local public figures.&nbsp;He said that a good clove tree would be valued at&nbsp;Rp 2&nbsp;million, a fruit-bearing coconut tree at Rp 1.5 million and bamboo groves would be valued at Rp 500,000 each.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The 150 hectares owned by the Sageileppak community could fetch Rp 60 million for the tribe,&nbsp;he said,&nbsp;adding that&nbsp;the payment&nbsp;would only be made once; in&nbsp;addition&nbsp;to the&nbsp;one-time&nbsp;compensation&nbsp;they would receive&nbsp;for trees and crops on those lands.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As for himself, Murtias said&nbsp;he&nbsp;accepted&nbsp;the&nbsp;terms of&nbsp;the timber company&nbsp;due to&nbsp;economic pressure.&nbsp;He had no source of revenue and the company&nbsp;had&nbsp;promised to pay Rp 20 million for&nbsp;every&nbsp;50 hectares of&nbsp;indigenous&nbsp;land&nbsp;relinquished&nbsp;to them.&nbsp;For tribal land that were less than 50 hectares, the compensation money would of course be less, he said.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At the time of publishing,&nbsp;no&nbsp;payments have been made.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Contrary to Murtias\u2019 recollections,&nbsp;Binsar Saririkka, the head of Saibi village,&nbsp;said that no discussions&nbsp;regarding compensation and the valuation of their crops&nbsp;or trees&nbsp;had been broached so far.&nbsp;He&nbsp;said he was also unclear about which lands were now said to be part of the timber estate concession.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to&nbsp;Saririkka,&nbsp;PT.BAE had only briefly conducted a \u201csocialization\u201d&nbsp;to introduce their project to community members&nbsp;in Saibi&nbsp;at the end of 2018,&nbsp;where a lot of questions remained unanswered.&nbsp;They had&nbsp;said that their concession in Kaleak&nbsp;would&nbsp;begin five kilometers inland from the coast and that they would plant calliandra trees.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The meeting was attended by just a few individuals who&nbsp;represented themselves, village officials,&nbsp;and company representatives.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe have never held serious discussion but the essence is that if the community accepts it, then we should accept it, but if the community rejects it, then let us all reject it together too,\u201d said Saririkka.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hasan Sageileppak, a 60-year-old elder of Murtia\u2019s tribe,\u00a0agreed.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u201cThere has been no talk about handing over of land with our tribe, as far as I know there has never been any meeting and suddenly our land in Kaleak had become part of the timber estate area.\u201d<\/p><cite>Hasan Sageileppak, Sageileppak Tribe<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Hasan has been among the staunchest protestors against the company\u2019s appropriation of tribal lands.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He said that along with representatives of other tribes, he&nbsp;attended&nbsp;a meeting convened by PT BAE in Saibi Samukop village in October 2019,&nbsp;held to appoint a head representative of the tribes&nbsp;who would interface with the company. However,&nbsp;they&nbsp;failed to agree on one.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarida Hernawati, an anthropologist studying the&nbsp;culture of&nbsp;Mentawai, pointed out that in the Mentawaian tradition, the election of a head of tribe&nbsp;known as Sikebbukat Uma,&nbsp;can only be carried out through a deliberation among members only, without involvement from external parties.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe head of the tribe plays the role of a spokesperson, he only voices decisions taken through deliberation involving all members of the tribe. If the appointment involves outsiders, that would be a violation of the customary laws,\u201d Trida said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Hasan,&nbsp;the company did&nbsp;not begin any&nbsp;discussions about the&nbsp;area of land that they&nbsp;&nbsp;intended to claim, and nor did they seek&nbsp;any clarification on the&nbsp;location of local people\u2019s fields.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Timber companies have been exploiting the natural riches of the Mentawai islands&nbsp;since the 1970s&nbsp;but Mentawaians have not received anything in return, said&nbsp;Deputy District Chief Kortanius Sabeleake&nbsp;quoting&nbsp;a book written by YCM Mentawai, a non-governmental organization&nbsp;that has focused&nbsp;on the rights of&nbsp;Indigenous&nbsp;Peoplse in Mentawai since 1995.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe&nbsp;[companies\u2019]&nbsp;contribution&nbsp;is only&nbsp;to&nbsp;rise to unrest and conflict between members of communities, They are trying to pit us against each other,\u201d he said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kortanius said that the district administration only received&nbsp;Rp 2 billion, allocated&nbsp;from the&nbsp;central government\u2019s&nbsp;Reforestation Fund,&nbsp;in return for the exploitation of the forests in Mentawai.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These funds are typically used to&nbsp;finance development and other expenditure in the region; neither the forests, nor the Indigenous communities on the Islands benefit directly from it.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe are&nbsp;on&nbsp;the losing end here. Our timber is gone and we are the ones facing the&nbsp;impacts,&nbsp;such as&nbsp;floods. We do not even receive any&nbsp;compensation&nbsp;from the company\u2019s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) fund,\u201d&nbsp;Kortanius said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hasan, for his part,&nbsp;dismissed the compensation money offered by the company, saying that&nbsp;a single payment was useless for the tribes.&nbsp;The Indigenous Peoples of Mentawai live and thrive off their land \u2013&nbsp;giving up their land&nbsp;would leave them with&nbsp;no&nbsp;means to&nbsp;sustain themselves&nbsp;in the future.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ekuatorial-custom-image-block vue-component image-block-container\"><div class=\"image-block-container\"><div class=\"image-section\"><div class=\"callout-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ekuatorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1-1-scaled.jpg?ssl=1\" alt=\"Gerson M. Saleleubaja\/MentawaiKita.com\" class=\"credited-image\" \/><div class=\"image-info-wrapper\"><span class=\"dashicons dashicons-camera-alt image-icon\"><\/span><span class=\"image-meta\">Gerson M. Saleleubaja\/MentawaiKita.com<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"text-section\"><span class=\"callout-title image-description\">Hasan Sageileppak, a resident of Saibi Samukop, Central Siberut District, Mentawai Islands, is clearing land for food crops in Kaleak. His land is part of an area which will be used as a timber estate owned by PT Biomass Andalan Energi. <\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-way-forward\"><strong>The way forward&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Like Melki and Hasan and many other community members, Absalom Sakailoat, a 70-year-old elder of the Sakailoat tribe, is also staunchly against the concession. The fact that the lands of his tribe had been unilaterally taken away from them was unacceptable, he said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indigenous communities in Mentawai&nbsp;should&nbsp;continue to be educated and empowered to use the PPUMA district regulation,&nbsp;and&nbsp;assert their&nbsp;legal rights&nbsp;against any entity, corporations or government that threatens to strip them of&nbsp;their land, said&nbsp;Rifai&nbsp;Lubis,&nbsp;Director of YCM&nbsp;Mentawai,&nbsp;a non-governmental&nbsp;organization&nbsp;that&nbsp;advocates&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;rights&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Mentawai&nbsp;Indigenous&nbsp;Peoples.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhen tribes&nbsp;that own lands within concessions get recognized, they will have&nbsp;a&nbsp;legal basis&nbsp;to reject these concessions, if they feel many aspects of their livelihood will be impacted. But if they feel these timber concessions present opportunities, then they will be able to negotiate their interests,\u201d&nbsp;said Rifai.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Indigenous communities are no&nbsp;strangers to such struggles. \u201cOur ancestors have long been fighting to the death to defend our land,\u201d said Absalom.&nbsp;\u201cIt will not be easy to solve land disputes in Mentawai.&nbsp;As&nbsp;long as&nbsp;[the company]&nbsp;does&nbsp;not have permission from us as owners of the land, they cannot enter (the area).\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>&nbsp;This story was produced with the support of Internews\u2019 Earth Journalism Network and was originally published in Indonesian by <a href=\"https:\/\/mentawaikita.com\/baca\/5674\/bersikukuh-melawan-hti\">MentawaiKita.com<\/a> on 1 October 2021.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For years, the people of Mentawai have fought against the exploitation of their forests. The latest permit for timber estates issued by the government in Siberut Island was in 2017, without having consulted local communities<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":71295,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4053,3912,4113],"tags":[4075,4105],"partner":[4516],"coauthors":[4514,4511,4515],"class_list":["post-71598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-forests","category-multimedia-en","category-sumatera-en","tag-deforestasi-en","tag-masyarakat-adat-mentawai-en","partner-mentawaikita"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The determined fight against timber estates in Mentawai Islands<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"For years, the people of Mentawai have fought against the exploitation of their forests. 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However, new laws and inaction by the central government have paved the way for timber companies to exploit their land, natural resources and culture.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Article&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Article","link":"https:\/\/www.ekuatorial.com\/en\/category\/type\/article\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ekuatorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/5.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ekuatorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/5.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ekuatorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/5.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ekuatorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/5.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ekuatorial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/5.jpeg?fit=1200%2C900&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":64499,"url":"https:\/\/www.ekuatorial.com\/en\/2019\/10\/deforestation-in-halmahera-paves-way-for-palm-oil-industry\/","url_meta":{"origin":71598,"position":2},"title":"Deforestation in Halmahera Paves Way for Palm Oil Industry","author":"Florence Armein","date":"October 11, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"The expansion of private oil palm plantation in Gane Dalam, Halmahera is inevitable. 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